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Frequently Asked Questions

I am a specialist in Obstetrics and Gynecology, with advanced training in perinatology (high-risk pregnancies). In my clinical practice, I have particular expertise in the management of:

  • Cervical insufficiency
  • Recurrent failed cerclage procedures
  • Abdominal cerclage
  • Risk of preterm birth and preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM)
  • Preeclampsia
  • Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR)
  • Systemic diseases during pregnancy (autoimmune, cardiac, endocrine, etc.)
  • Multiple pregnancies, including complications such as twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) and selective IUGR in twin/triplet gestations

These complex conditions are among my core clinical focus areas.

In cases of suspected fetal disease, fluid accumulation (hydrops), or complications in multiple pregnancies, I provide a comprehensive fetal medicine approach.

My clinical practices include:

  • Detailed fetal ultrasonography and echocardiography
  • Genetic analyses: WES (Whole Exome Sequencing), WGS (Whole Genome Sequencing)
  • Invasive diagnostics: amniocentesis, chorionic villus sampling (CVS), cordocentesis
  • Interventional fetal therapies:
    • Ascites drainage
    • Amniodrainage / Amnioinfusion
    • Fetal shunt placement
    • Fetal bladder interventions for obstructive uropathies
    • Selective fetocide / fetal reduction
    • Management of TTTS, TRAP, and selective IUGR in monochorionic twin pregnancies

All procedures are conducted within a multidisciplinary, ethical, and scientifically guided framework.

In cases of recurrent pregnancy loss, I conduct a multifactorial assessment:

  • Genetic testing: karyotype, WES (Whole Exome Sequencing), WGS (Whole Genome Sequencing)
  • Endocrine, thyroid, and immunological analyses
  • Hysteroscopy and uterine anatomy evaluation
  • Placental histopathological analysis (in collaboration with U.S. centers if needed)

The goal is always to plan the next pregnancy on the healthiest possible foundation.

In cases of recurrent pregnancy loss, failed IVF attempts, or suspected intrauterine pathology, the possibility of chronic endometritis is carefully assessed.

Diagnosis is made using immunohistochemical staining with CD138 and CD56 markers.

For selected patients, treatment includes antibiotic therapy, intrauterine irrigation, and local therapies aimed at restoring endometrial health.

This approach is especially crucial for patients with implantation failure.

Adolescent and Young Women’s Health

Are irregular periods normal during adolescence?

Yes, irregular menstrual cycles are quite common during adolescence as the body adjusts to hormonal changes. However, painful periods (dysmenorrhea) or excessive bleeding may indicate underlying conditions such as PCOS (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome) or thyroid disorders. In Turkey, the prevalence of PCOS among young women is notable, and early nutritional interventions are increasingly recommended. At our clinic, we provide early evaluation through hormone profiling and nutritional counseling. PCOS management in Turkey is shifting toward insulin resistance–focused treatment models, and by 2025, early screening programs are becoming more widespread. Book an appointment for a detailed consultation.

When should the HPV vaccine be administered?

It is ideally recommended during adolescence and young adulthood, typically between the ages of 9 and 26. At our clinic, we provide personalized risk assessments before vaccination. In Turkey, HPV (Human Papillomavirus) vaccination programs are increasingly targeting adolescents; by 2025, access is expanding — starting with voluntary and school-based initiatives. The schedule generally includes two doses for ages 9–15 and three doses for ages 15 and above. With family education and guidance, we ensure a safe and informed vaccination process. Access to HPV vaccination is steadily improving in Turkey as part of national cervical cancer prevention efforts.

Why are vaginal infections common among adolescents?

They often result from improper hygiene practices or hormonal fluctuations. At our clinic, we provide hygiene education and vaginal microbiome support. In Turkey, infections among young women remain common; by 2025, femtech applications are helping raise early awareness, and hygiene education programs during adolescence are being increasingly promoted. Through culture-based treatments, we help break the cycle of recurring infections.

Are annual checkups necessary during adolescence?

Yes. Annual health checkups — including pelvic ultrasound and hormonal assessments — are an important investment in long-term health. At our clinic, we offer a privacy-centered and reassuring environment for young women. In Turkey, the rate of regular gynecological visits among adolescents is increasing, and by 2025, adolescent health trends are emphasizing preventive awareness and education.

Reproductive Health

What is a high-risk pregnancy and how is it managed?

High-risk pregnancies include conditions such as preeclampsia (pregnancy-induced hypertension), gestational diabetes, or risk of preterm birth. At our clinic, we use maternal-fetal medicine protocols, including detailed ultrasound and Doppler monitoring, to closely follow both mother and baby. In Turkey, high-risk pregnancy rates remain significant, and by 2025, wearable monitoring technologies are becoming a standard part of care. We ensure families receive clear, transparent information throughout the process. 

How can we improve IVF success rates?

Through preconception optimization, AMH (Anti-Müllerian Hormone) testing, and lifestyle support programs. At our clinic, we integrate functional medicine to enhance fertility outcomes. In Turkey, IVF success rates vary by age group, and by 2025, AI-assisted embryo selection is becoming increasingly common.

What are the symptoms of pre-menopause?

Fluctuating hormones may cause irregular menstrual cycles, hot flashes, and mood changes. At our clinic, we focus on early management of metabolic risks during this transition. In Turkey, the rate of pre-menopausal symptoms among women is notable, and by 2025, research exploring the link between PMS (Premenstrual Syndrome) and perimenopausal changes is expanding. 

Is using an intrauterine device (IUD) safe for preventive health?

Yes — when accompanied by annual checkups and medical follow-up. At our clinic, we provide comprehensive contraception counseling to ensure safety and suitability. In Turkey, reproductive health trends are moving toward personalized contraceptive methods, and by 2025, IUDs are becoming increasingly common as a reliable preventive option.

Menopause and Midlife Women’s Health

How are menopause symptoms managed?

Hot flashes and sleep disturbances can be addressed through hormone-balancing or non-hormonal therapies. At our clinic, we offer FDA-approved treatment options tailored to individual needs. In Turkey, menopausal symptoms are common; by 2025, combining menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) with regular exercise is shown to reduce bone loss, while traditional dietary methods (such as onion-based remedies) remain popular among local practices.

Why does osteoporosis risk increase during menopause?

A decline in estrogen levels accelerates bone loss. At our clinic, we conduct bone density (DEXA) assessments and vitamin D monitoring to track and prevent osteoporosis. In Turkey, osteoporosis is a major public health concern among women over 50, and by 2025, national screening programs are expanding.

How can sexual health be preserved during menopause?

For vaginal dryness, we recommend local estrogen treatments, moisturizers, and pelvic floor exercises. At our clinic, we provide confidential sexual wellness counseling. In Turkey, urogenital symptoms during menopause are widespread, and by 2025, sexual well-being is being increasingly integrated into holistic health programs.

Is hormone therapy safe?

Yes — when guided by personalized risk assessment. At our clinic, we also offer herbal and natural support options for women who prefer or require non-hormonal alternatives. In Turkey, menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) is being re-evaluated for its cardiovascular benefits and remains a widely used approach for symptom relief.

Advanced Age Women’s Health

How often should cancer screenings be done later in life?

Regular screenings such as Pap smear/HPV testing and transvaginal ultrasound are essential. At our clinic, screening intervals are personalized based on individual risk. Cervical and breast cancer screenings are becoming more accessible, supported by both clinical protocols and home-based technologies.

How can osteoporosis be prevented?

Through bone density scans, calcium and vitamin D monitoring, and regular exercise. We also screen for sarcopenia (muscle loss) as part of our assessment. Routine evaluations in women over 65 are a crucial part of long-term bone and muscle health management.

Is there treatment for urinary incontinence?

Yes. Depending on the cause, we recommend Kegel exercises, pelvic floor therapy, or minimally invasive surgical options. We provide a full spectrum of pelvic health support, tailored to individual needs.

What do you recommend for healthy aging?

We focus on nutrition optimization, sleep quality, and stress regulation, supported by a multidisciplinary team. With women living longer than ever, adopting proactive wellness habits early makes a meaningful difference in long-term vitality.

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